- Tax burden to rise to post-war high of 37.7% of GDP
- Government poised to collect £6.6 billion from savers this tax year, up from £1.2 billion just two years ago
- Rising cash rates and frozen allowances explain the big jump in tax revenues
- How to beat the savings tax trap
Laith Khalaf, head of investment analysis at AJ Bell, comments:
“For the first time in over a decade, tax on cash interest rates has become a serious problem for savers. The ultra-low interest rates seen in the wake of the financial crisis deprived cash savers of returns, but it meant they didn’t really have to worry about tax, especially after the Personal Savings Allowance was introduced in 2016. This allows basic rate taxpayers to receive £1,000 of interest each year tax-free and higher rate taxpayers get a £500 allowance. Top rate taxpayers miss out altogether.
“Now interest rates have risen, savings tax is back with a vengeance. Compared to the yield-starved years of the 2010s, it’s a nice problem to have, but savers are forecast to hand over £6.6 billion in tax to the Exchequer this year, up from just £1.2 billion two years ago (source: HMRC). As well as higher interest rates, the taxman’s haul is being boosted by the lowering of the threshold for paying the top rate of tax to £125,140, which drags more people into the tax band where they lose their Personal Savings Allowance altogether. Other tax bands have been frozen too, and over the next five years that’s expected to mean four million more people will be pushed into paying tax and a further three million will be pushed into the higher rate tax band, where their Personal Savings Allowance gets halved to £500, and they move from paying 20% to 40% on the excess.
“With interest rates expected to stay higher for longer and tax bands frozen, consumers now face a cavernous savings tax trap. But by using available tax shelters and a bit of financial planning, savers can protect themselves from tax and keep more of their interest in their own hands.”
Six ways to beat the savings tax trap
- Cash ISAs
“Cash ISAs are an obvious port of call for those seeking to shelter their savings from tax. The downside of this approach has always been that you usually have to accept a slightly lower interest rate than on a standard savings account, but for many the implications of not sheltering your interest from tax probably now far outweigh the haircut you take on the headline return.”
- Premium Bonds
“Interest from Premium Bonds is also tax-free, though again the headline interest rate is usually below what you can get from other easy access accounts. The pooled interest is not shared equally either, so you may end up with more or less than the advertised rate. However that does open up the possibility of winning big on Premium Bonds, an appeal which no doubt partly fuels their popularity.”
- Stocks and shares ISAs
“Stocks and Shares ISAs are perhaps a surprising way of reducing your interest rate tax bill. That’s because you can invest in money market funds within these tax shelters. These funds invest in cash-like fixed interest securities issued by governments and companies, and though they are a bit riskier than cash, they do now come with generous yields thanks to rising interest rates. The interest paid on these funds is tax-free if held within a Stocks and Shares ISA, but investors do need to factor in fund management and platform charges when comparing with other options.”
- Gilty pleasures
“We’ve also seen investors using short-dated, low coupon gilts to minimise tax. Most of the quoted yield from these investments comes from an appreciation of the price of the gilt between now and maturity, rather than from interest payments. Gilts aren’t subject to capital gains tax, so some investors have been turning to these instruments instead of cash to minimise the tax they pay. There are costs and charges associated with buying gilts, and they can be difficult to understand, so this route is probably best left to experienced investors, or those who are willing to roll up their sleeves and do their homework on how gilts work.”
- Buddy up
“Some couples may also be able to make use of something called Marriage Allowance, where a low earner with an income below the Personal Allowance of £12,570 can transfer up to £1,260 of that Personal Allowance to a higher earning spouse or civil partner, which could help them shelter cash interest from tax. Sharing out cash assets smartly between spouses or civil partners can also be a good way to reduce your tax bill as a couple. This might not mean simply dividing it down the middle though, as each partner may fall into a different tax bracket, which affects both the level of your Personal Savings Allowance, and the rate of tax you pay on interest above that. To increase tax efficiency you might consider sharing out savings to make sure each of you is using your Personal Savings Allowance to the max, and beyond that trying to move more interest-bearing cash into the name of the partner in the lower tax bracket, where there is a difference.
“It’s possible this approach may lead the lower earning individual to cross into the same tax bracket as their higher-paying partner, at which point the attraction of sharing out more assets is extinguished, and may even result in more tax being paid overall, because your Personal Savings Allowance is related to your tax band. If you move from being a basic rate taxpayer to a higher rate taxpayer you immediately lose £500 of your allowance, and if your income rises above £50,000 you effectively start to lose your Child Benefit. So great care needs to be taken where the recipient partner might be pushed into a higher tax band, or over the £50k mark. While the sharing of cash assets might be desirable from an income tax point of view, there may be other considerations to take into account, such as the background context of other family finances, the convenience of joint accounts, wills and potential IHT liabilities.”
- Smart fixing
“Savers can also use fixed term savings accounts to mitigate their tax affairs. This is because some fixed term accounts only pay out at the end of the term, and so you can defer the receipt of your interest, and hence the tax. This might be particularly useful if you know you are going to drop down a tax band next year, perhaps because you’re retiring, and therefore the interest you receive later rather than sooner will be taxed less heavily. Some fixed term accounts pay out interest more regularly though, so as ever, it pays to be on your toes.”
